Step 1: Cook the pasta

• Bring a large pot of salted water to a boil. Add the pasta and cook until al dente according to package instructions. Reserve 1 cup of pasta water, then drain.

Step 2: Sauté the garlic

• In a large skillet, heat the olive oil over medium heat. Add the sliced garlic and cook until it’s golden and fragrant, about 1–2 minutes. Be careful not to burn the garlic.

Step 3: Add red pepper flakes

• Stir in the red pepper flakes and cook for 30 seconds to release their flavor.

Step 4: Combine pasta and sauce

• Add the cooked pasta to the skillet, tossing to coat it evenly in the garlic and oil mixture.
• Gradually add reserved pasta water, 1/4 cup at a time, to loosen the sauce if needed.

Step 5: Finish with fresh ingredients

• Remove the skillet from heat. Stir in parsley, lemon zest, and grated Parmesan. Toss until well combined.
• Season with salt and freshly ground black pepper to taste.

Step 6: Serve and enjoy

• Divide the pasta into bowls and garnish with additional Parmesan and parsley, if desired. Serve immediately.